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Friday, May 31, 2019

Free Essay: Deception of Satan in John Milton’s Paradise Lost :: Milton Paradise Lost Essays

Deception of Satan in Paradise Lost The speeches of Moloch, Belial, Mammon, and friction match represent particular ways of looking at life. Milton derived these views from I John 215 and 16 which says, Do not love the world or anything in the world. If anyone loves the world, the love of the Father is not in him. For everything in the world--the cravings of sinful man, the lust of his eyes and the boasting of what he has and does--comes not from the Father but from the world. advent into the world, these demons transferred their philosophies to the human race. That is why these views are still common in todays world, even though the battle of the supernatural is often overlooked. Even at Christian schools, the gist of these philosophies can be seen. However, in hell and in the world they have proved a failure - the high ideas of the plans will not work with the go to pieces realities that both hell and the earth represent. Only Beelzebubs idea seems to work, but that to will be proven false with time. In the Bible, Moloch was the god of the Ammonites who sacrificed their children to him, believing that then he would bring them power. They lusted after power and went to extreme, perverted measures to attain it. In Paradise Lost, Moloch also lusts after power. After being set up down to hell, he calls for the demons to earnings war again on heaven. He believes (probably he has deceived himself) that they can defeat God now because they are strong with fury - the fury that comes from being cast out of glory. They have acquired the new, torturous weapons of hell that would that coupled with their wrath would prove victorious over God. I just dont think Ill do well ... I dont understand the... As he strutted into the classroom, the two kids in conversation groaned. So... he intoned to one annoyed guy, Have you studied for the test? Last night, yeah. to a greater extent hesitantly, How bout you? Oh yeah, piece of cake. A smile stretches across his face. I heard you saying you dont understand, he put his hand on her shoulder in a sort-of proceeding of comfort, Youll do fine. Again the smile, and he walked size off to another group of kids. The two kids rolled their eyes.

Thursday, May 30, 2019

Courage Worth Striving For Essay -- Personal Narrative War Strength Pa

Courage Worth Striving ForPlacing one foot in front of the other, I climbed the twisted, disconnected down staircase of the Brooks Army Medical Center in San Antonio, Texas. The year was 1973, and I didnt want to be on these stairs, growing close at hand(predicate) and closer to an unk instantaneouslyn world that frightened me. I didnt want to witness the things I inevitably would see and hear throughout the next few hours. Can I really handle this? I thought to myself. It didnt really matter anymore. As a medic in the Vietnam Era, and I had soldiers depending on me to tend to their wounds and care for their injuries. As I neared the top, I gained sight of a heavy, thick, white door with a window in the center of it. What was on the other side of that door? I knew there was pain, suffering, and dying. For a moment, I thought about the men who had managed to survive thus far and who were now lying in hospital beds severely injure and bedridden, completely dependent on the care that was given to them. These men had wives, children, and other family members wishing desperately they would recover from the wounds they had encountered in Vietnam and return to life as they knew it onward the war. Some of these men would never return to life as they had known it previously, with the reality of amputation and other life-altering treatments taking place as a customary and gross practice. I wondered if I was prepared for this. The self-inflicted weight on my shoulders grew progressively heavier step by step. Those same family members hoping their loved ones would live had me to put their trust in. Me. As a trained medic, I was confident that I had the head knowledge I needed to treat the soldiers that had been flown in from Vietnam, as long as I wasnt distra... ...ing this stage did not cause me to become a pacifist and reject the concept of war completely. I realize how horrendous war is, especially after audience about my fathers patient in room twelve. However, I feel it is even more appalling to ignore mails that are worse than war, such as the situation in Germany that evoked World War II. It is my belief that soldiers who have seen war value peace more than any pacifist because they know the cost. I now view my own life differently. If that soldier could speak again, I would imagine his message would be to take each day not as a guarantee, but as a gift. After hearing my fathers story, my advice is this- do not take life for granted. You never know when you will be forced to adjust a new depth of strength you never even imagined you possessed and surrender your life for your cause, your beliefs, or your country.

Wednesday, May 29, 2019

Aristotle on Paideia of Principles :: Philosophy Philosophical Essays

Aristotle on Paideia of PrinciplesABSTRACT Aristotle maintains that paideia enables one to articulate the regularity used by a given speaker without judging the conclusions drawn as well (I.1 De Partibus Animalium). He contends that this paideia of principles requires three things seeing that principles are not derived from one another seeing that there is nothing before them within savvy and, seeing that they are the source of much knowledge. In order to grasp these principles, one must respectively learn to recognize what distinguishes the subject matters studied in different disciplines, see first off principles as coming from experience and acquire the habit of seeking them in ones experience and, finally, see first principles as being the source of conclusions. While the second and third points might at first seem to pertain to nous and science, respectively, rather than to paideia, the case mickle be made that paideia involves more of a firm grasp of principles than nous and a less perfect way of relating conclusion to principles than science.Aristotle speaks explicitly of paideia of method, the most celebrated characterization being Bk. 1, c. 1 of The Parts of Animals. He also explicitly identifies certain thinkers as lacking paideia this sort of paideia. Paideia of method allows a person to judge the way a speaker is performance without for so much being able to judge his conclusions (639a15). What is less obvious is that Aristotle holds that there is paideia of principles. However, there is one passage which makes this fairly clear (NE 1098b5, cited below). In addition, careful examination of passages where Aristotle calls attention to judgments or misjudgments pertaining to paideia reveals that there is not one but many reasons for calling a method either good or bad, some of which reasons have to do with principles. This can be seen by contrasting the following two cases Aristotle is critical of ethicists who insist on proceeding solely by de monstration because such rigor is inappropriate to ethical matters (NE 1094b20-28). However, the reason he criticizes Pythagoras for explaining moral virtue in terms of mathematical principles,(1) is that Pythagoras is starting from principles which are inadequate to explaining this matter. Of the two mistakes, that as to the starting point is plainly more serious. Every computer error as to starting point entails error as to ones subsequent proceeding, but not vice versa. A principle is always a principle of something, and every method or orderly proceeding has a principle or starting point.

The Concept of Communication Style Essays -- Interpersonal Communicati

The Concept of Communication StyleThe concept of communion style has been delimitate by Rober Norton asthe way one verbally, nonverbally, and para verbally interacts to signal howliteral meaning should be taken, interpreted, filtered, orunderstood(1996.p.229) In this, Norton has identified order communicator styles.A persons style may be dominant, dramatic, contentious, animated ,impressionleaving, relaxed, open, or friendly. These dimensions measure how you interactin various situations. For example, if I speak frequently and try to take in theconverstaion, you might assume that I am dominant in my communicator style. In determining my have got commuication style I had a questionnaire completedby some(prenominal) a friend, conversance , as well as completing one myself. The friendthat I chose was my room mate Ryan Seslow. . Ryan and I have been friends sincehighschool so he knows me truly well. The person that I chose to complete theacquaintance section was my friend Le slie Margasak. Leslie is my girlfriendsroommate therefore our communication is somewhat limited. Through the following explore and analysis I have created a table (Table1) that shows the means formy friend aquaitance, and myself. The summaries and findings in which I calculated provided me withinsight of my dominant yet friendly communication style. It also provided mewith a different perspective as to how other people interpret my communicationhabits. For example, the mean for myself on the category relaxed scored a 1.3.However, my friends mean was 3.1 and my acquaintance was 5.1. Through the textof Interpersonal Communication, I was able to determine that thisfluctuation has to do with the self concept theory. Self -concept is definedas each persons own subjective view or image of him or herself as a person(tremont p.213) In my opinion I do not see myself as relaxed(1.3), but my frienddoes as well as acquaintance. I do not see as relaxed as the others indicatedin the table. Us ually I tang rather more stressed and even a little nervousrather than relaxed when communicating. One calculation in which which I noticed to have simmialr realuts was ground on the means for being dramtic. I scored high in this category on allthree surveys.(see table1) When a person is classified as dramatic it refersthat the person alikes to act ... ...do so by staying relaxed. I scored a relatively low mean inthe openess category and this is an area I would like to change. The meansshowed that I am not open nor am I percieved to be a very open person. Overall my communication style is very dominant, dramatic and friendly.Howvevr, despite this though Im not a very open person. I feel that mycommunication style does allow me to get people to attend to me closely becayseof my dramatics or ability to tell srotires in vivid detail and picturesqe. Iam animated and expressive when I feel the engage to emphasize a point orstatement. This also helps my communication confiden ce since I know now thatwhat I say often does an considerable shock on those who I am communicatingwith. In conclusion I am very pleased with the data which I recorded. I now hear my communciation style better yet at the same time have located areasin which I can begin to improve on. Through this identification I learned a greatdeal about how I communcate as well as how others percieve my communicationstyle.References1.)Trenholm and Jensen, (1996). Intterpersonal Communication. Belmont,CAWadsworth Publishing Company.

Tuesday, May 28, 2019

Extent the Nurse is to Blame in Romeo and Juliet Essay example -- Shake

In Romeo and Juliet, to what extent is the Nurse to blame for the tragedy?In Shakespe ars Romeo and Juliet, the Nurse, by her thoughtless sustain of the affair between the lovers and fickle counsel, is partly to blame for the tragedy. However, it is not one factor alone that brings about the death of Romeo and Juliet, but a combination of noteworthy actions and underlying forces.In spite of this, is certain that the Nurse played a serious role in encouraging the lovers? relationship to blossom. Instead of advising Juliet on the dangers of a love that is ?too rash, too unadvis?d, to sudden?, she continues to place Romeo upon a pedestal, proclaiming his ?face be better than any man?s, his leg excels all men?s, his body parts are past compare?. Her haste for Juliet to ?hie hence to Friar Lawrence? cell?, and preparations for ?cords? to be brought for Romeo to ?convoy to Juliet in the secret night?, are gestures that expound her desire for their relationship to progress quickly. There fore by offering her approval of Romeo, the Nurse inadvertedly strengthens Juliet?s devo...

Extent the Nurse is to Blame in Romeo and Juliet Essay example -- Shake

In Romeo and Juliet, to what extent is the Nurse to blame for the tragedy?In Shakespeares Romeo and Juliet, the Nurse, by her thoughtless support of the intimacy between the dealrs and fickle counsel, is partly to blame for the tragedy. However, it is not one factor alone that brings about the death of Romeo and Juliet, but a combination of significant actions and implicit in(p) forces.In spite of this, is certain that the Nurse played a serious role in encouraging the lovers? relationship to blossom. Instead of advising Juliet on the dangers of a love that is ?too rash, too unadvis?d, to sudden?, she continues to place Romeo upon a pedestal, proclaiming his ?face be better than any man?s, his leg excels all men?s, his body parts are foregone compare?. Her haste for Juliet to ?hie hence to Friar Lawrence? cell?, and preparations for ?cords? to be brought for Romeo to ?convoy to Juliet in the secret night?, are gestures that illustrate her confide for their relationship to progre ss quickly. Therefore by offering her approval of Romeo, the Nurse inadvertedly strengthens Juliet?s devo...

Monday, May 27, 2019

A brief history of diving Essay

For those who give the sack swim, diving in the sense of aqualung diving or obscure sea diving is certainly wiz of the most enchant satis particularory pastimes a person can have. Like anything else, it has its pleasures and its risks, exactly the whollyure of the sea is certainly a major part in the career of any avid diver. Still, diving has its risks and perhaps in some sense those risks are greater than in other endeavors. The allure of the sea and the desire to enjoy it as freely as a fish is irresistible to many.Our fascination with the oceans may have made diving popular in the 19th century, scarce if so, it was certainly made more popular by the introduction of scuba equipment in the middle of the twentieth century. Despite the relatively recent exploitation of deep sea diving apparatus and of scuba diving, men and women have been diving for centuries. Often diving is for pleasure, moreover at other times it is just other basic survival skill to gather food, hunt for sponges (Hong et al. , 1991) or engage in host endeavors or otherwise.Until the invention of diving equipment, man was unable to go subsurface and remain subaquatic for any extended period of time. His stay under water was trammel by his ability to stand his breath so the problem was how to extend the join of time underwater and, of course, the obvious solution was to find a means to provide an aviation supply to a submerged person. In August of last year (2006) piece of music testing the Navys new Atmospheric Diving System (ADS) suit off the microscope slide of La Jolla CA, a village of San Diego, Daniel Jackson, a Naval Reserve Diver, made the deepest free dive in level, a total of 2,000 feet. (Guinness, 2006) possibly it is because of the allure of the sea, but long before Jackson, men and women practiced breath-holding. Diving has many useful purposes such as gathering and providing food, military, recreational, research and others so these factors have no doubt added to the allure of diving. Despite the relatively new advent of scuba equipment and deep sea diving equipment, diving has been around for a long time. Of course, it is necessary to hold ones breath in order to go to any great depth and people have been using breath-holding techniques for diving for centuries.In old-fashioned Greece, divers held their breath to search for sponges as some people do today, and throughout taradiddle some had done likewise in the process of military exploits. For those who wanted to stay underwater longer, the obvious question was how to do so? One solution was to breathe through hollow reeds while submerged. While this technique worked, there were limitations that prohibited it from being a valuable solution. Reeds longer than two feet long do not work well. Today we realize that it is difficult to revolutionise against water hale below a certain depth.Another idea was to put job into a bag that could be used underwater, but that as well as beated problems, most significantly the fact that it caused divers to breathe in the ascorbic acid dioxide that had been exhaled. Although Aristotle wrote about a diving bell shape in the 4th century BC, all diving was probably done by holding the breath up until the 16th century. (Brylske, 1994 Somers, 1997) Whatever diving was done probably did not exceed depths of vitamin C feet if that overmuch. The diving bell was the predominant diving apparatus during the 22 centuries from the 4th century BC until the around 1800.Using this stationary device, divers could get line from the bell and leave to do whatever they were doing underwater returning to the bell periodically for more air. This allowed divers to remain underwater until air in the bell was no longer breathable. By the 16th century, people began experimenting with diving bells. (Somers, 1997) These were actually bell shaped contraptions open at the bottom that were held a few feet from the get along. The diver could enter from the bottom which was open to water and the top part held sloshed air, air that had been cockeyed by the water pressure.Early designs of the diving bell were nifty in the late 1600s and became sizable and sophisticated by 1691 when Edmund Halley patented a ventilated diving bell that allowed divers to remain underwater for as much as an hour and a half. (Gilliam and von Maier, 1992) Even though electricity was not available for electric pumps at that time, manual pumps were used that could pump air from the surface down to divers as early as the 16th century in Europe. However, at greater depths, water pressure became a concern, so surface helmets and leather full diving suits were developed and used to protect divers who went below 60 feet.This diving equipment was continuously perfected up to the 19th and 20th centuries. By the 1830s, diving techniques that relied on air pumped to divers from the surface had been sufficiently well developed as to allow divers to work underwater for extended periods of time. Although these early techniques worked, they didnt entirely compensate for some diving concerns. Eventually, the improved technology of the 19th century resulted in compressed air pumps, regulators, carbon dioxide scrubbers and other improvements that allowed divers to remain underwater for longer and longer periods of time.As diving techniques improved, it became more apparent that there were at least two concerns in diving to depth. One, of course, was the need for an air supply that would eliminate the need to hold ones breath. The other problem was the need to compensate for depth. (Brylske, 1994 Somers, 1997) In 1905 Scotlands John Scott Haldane reported the fundamental dis mop upy that breathing is regulated by the amount of carbon dioxide in the blood and in the brain. Haldane developed a regularity of decompression in stages that allowed deep-sea divers to ascend to the surface safely, information used for todays decompression chart s.His work and that of the French physiologist Paul Bert increase our understanding of the physiological effects of air-pressure sufficiently to improve out knowledge of the hazards of diving to depth and how to overcome those hazards. Our understanding of the effects and safe limits of using compressed air for diving is due largely to the work of Haldane and Bert. (Gilliam and von Maier, 1992) Today, we realize that decompression, recompression, carbon dioxide and oxygen toxicity are important factors to consider in diving. Diving history can essentially be divided into four periods.Initially, there was the period of free diving when humans held their breath. Diving time and diving capacity were limited by the availability of air, the build-up of carbon dioxide and the effects at depth of pressure on the body. (Gilliam and von Maier, 1992) Later advances in diving during the second period of diving history led to the creation of heavy walled diving vessels which could maintain the ir internal air travel to that of sea level (1 atmosphere) so as to prevent the surrounding water pressure from being a hazard to the occupants.Diving bells and bathysphere are two such devices. Bathyspheres are essentially unpowered hollow steel balls that can be take down from a mother ship by a steel cable. A bathyscaphe is a is bathysphere with a buoyancy control that eliminates the need for a cable. and then there is the submarine, a powered device with its own air supply and which is built so that it can handle all of the problems associated with depth and so it can travel great distances in any direction under its own power.Bathyspheres, bathyscaphes and submarines required a means to maintain the pressure at one atmosphere around the diver and a means to provide fresh oxygen while getting rid of exhaled carbon dioxide. Carbon dioxide was eliminated by using keynote lime, lithium hydroxide and other compounds that take up the carbon dioxide. Later during this period, one atmosphere diving suits were also developed that were flexible and yet able to withstand pressures at great death so as to allow divers to work at depths up to several hundred meters for hours. (Somers, 1997) Diving entered a period of using compressed air next.The air could be supplied from the surface and delivered to the diver at depth. The hand-operated air compressor was a major advancement in diving history. It had appeared by 1770 and allowed for the development of helmet-hose diving systems that were the predominant diving techniques from 1800 until the mid-1950s. Unlike then final period, during this period of diving the diver is separated from his/her air supply, but has air delivered through a long umbilical cord to a regulator and mouthpiece carried by the diver. At great depth, the diver can be enclosed in a dive suit that can handle the water pressure at depth.These suits can be cumbersome but the buoyancy of the water can relieve some of their burden. Although diving masks with a regulator, mouthpiece and hose may come to mind when one considers these devices, caissons are also include in this category. Caissons are huge spaces that are supplied with compressed air. Diving bells and rigid helmet diving suits are also grouped in this category. The air that the diver breathes is at the same pressure as that of the water surrounding the diver thus leaving him at risk for decompression concerns such as the bends, air embolism, and so on pon their ascent if they ascend too fast.To assist with this concern, special mixtures of gas are used that allow divers to dive deeper than with compressed air. These gas mixtures combine oxygen with another gas or gases such as hydrogen, helium and/or nitrogen. (Somers, 1997 Gilliam and von Maier, 1992) The most recent development in diving is diving with compressed air or gas mixtures that include oxygen carried by the diver. This is referred to by the acronym S. C. U. B. A. which is generally referred to as sc uba diving.Scuba stands for self contained underwater breathing apparatus and refers to the fact that the diver carries his or her air supply on their back while diving. Although we may view scuba gear to be a recent development in diving technology, the development of scuba gear can be traced back to 1680 when Borelli, who also experimented with fins and buoyancy compensation, developed a device based on the theory that the hot air a diver exhales could be rejuvenated by cooling and condensing in. (Somers, 1997) Although Borellis gear failed, it still represents a step preliminary in diving theory and technology.By the first third of the nineteenth century, Condert published a scuba design using a helmet and a compressed air reservoir that fit around the divers waist. In 1865, Rouquayrol developed a surface-supplied regulator system that did ultimately have an effect on todays scuba gear. By 1878, Fleuss and Davis developed a closed- circuit oxygen scuba device that used chemical carbon dioxide as absorbent. (Gilliam and von Maier, 1992 Somers, 1997) The scuba equipment commonly used today was developed by Emile Gagnan and Jacques-Yves Cousteau. Somers, 1997 Cousteau, 1986 Marx, 1990) The two principle types of scuba equipment are open circuit and closed circuit equipment. Open circuit equipment vents the expired air into the water while closed circuit systems all the carbon dioxide to be absorbed and add more oxygen so that the air can be re-used. Scuba divers are at risk for decompression problems if they ascend too fast and various gas mixtures allow scuba divers to go deeper than with compressed air. Scuba diving has a number of advantages over other forms of diving.The tanks allow the diver to remain underwater longer than would be possible by simply holding ones breath. Even though scuba allows divers to go deeper than with snorkeling and allows them more freedom than would be possible using compressed air from the surface, its major disadvantage is th at the time spent underwater is limited by the amount of compressed air in the tanks. Since time is of essence and all muscle activity decreases the amount of time that oxygen impart be available, scuba divers can increase the amount of time they will have underwater with scuba gear if they exert less energy while diving.Although most divers swim underwater while diving, they can resort to propulsion devices referred to as Diver Propulsion Vehicles (DPVs) commonly called scooters to move underwater. The term SCUBA originally referred to rebreathers used by the military for underwater war removede but today it generally refers to open-circuit equipment. However, rebreathers are also classified as scuba gear. The history of diving is certainly to complex and exciting to cover in these few pages, but what few comments have been presented do demonstrate how rich that history is and how far it extends back in time.Only by considering how far back into history diving extends and the adva nces diving has made with the passage of time will we truly realize the fascination diving has held for us through time. Perhaps the next great advance in diving will not be man growing gills, but whatever it will be will only add to the present fascination and allure of diving. We can only build on the future of diving by understanding how we arrived at our present level of knowledge and technology.

Sunday, May 26, 2019

Psychology and Personality Development

Part 1 What were the results of your MBTI assessment? Do you agree with these results? Why or why not? In what ways does the MBTI assessment relate to Jungs supposition of reputation development? Part 2 Compare and contrast the MBTI personality inventory with subjective methods of psychoanalytic personality assessment, such as inkblot and word tie beam tests. What are the advantages and disadvantages of each of these types of assessment?What is the practical usefulness of each, objective and subjective personality inventories, in your chosen career field? What is the relationship between intelligence and personality development? Explain how biological and environmental factors can shape our cognitive processes. Give an example that illustrates how ones cognitive processes can shape some reflexion of personality. Explain how evolutionary, biological/genetic, and environmental (i. e. learning) factors can result in the development of an aggressive personality.Provide ad hoc examp les, when appropriate. How do parents influence a childs personality fit in to each theory evolutionary, biological/genetic, and behavioral? Give examples that illustrate how each of these models relates to parenting and childrens personality development. What is self-efficacy? How does self-efficacy relate to personality? What nature and nurture factors contribute to ones self-efficacy? Provide specific examples, when appropriate. A summary of the persons life experiences.This section must include all relevant background, including family history, significant life experiences, and important contributions that may have influenced or resulted from the individuals personality development. This section should be 1-2 pages in length. A discussion and evaluation of the ways in which each of the following models would explain the individuals personality development Psychoanalytic and Neoanalytic theories Psychosocial theories Trait, Evolutionary, genetical/Biological approaches Cognitiv e, Behavioral, and Social Learning theories Humanistic theories

Saturday, May 25, 2019

Science Is a Threat to Humanity

SCIENCE IS A affright TO HUMANITY 1ST OPPOSITION Thank you my dear madam speaker. Assalamualaikum and a very good solar day to the wise and honourable adjudicators, the alert and punctual time trammeler, my fellow police squadmates, the misleading organisation team and MOTH. Before i start, i would like to refute the translation given by the government team. Now, it is my duty to define the key words of todays feat.According to Longman Dictionary of Contemporary English, light means knowledge close to the world, especially found on examination and testing, and on facts that pile be turn up. Threat means someone or something that is regarded as a possible danger. Lastly, serviceman means the state of being kind-hearted and having qualities and rights that all people have.So, the full definition of todays motion is knowledge about the world, especially based on examination and testing and on facts that can be proved is a possible danger to qualities and rights of all peo ple. Now, please allow me to rebut the situation given by the Prime Minister. He/She claims said that ______________________________________________________________________________________________________ But that is not true because ______________________________________________________________________________________________________Before i go on with my arguments, i would like to stress that my team mates and i atomic number 18 totally disagree with the motion today that says recognition is a threat to Humanity and would like to switch this motion to recognition is a bless to humanity which means knowledge about the world, especially based on examination and testing and on facts that can be proved makes people happy and satisfied in terms of qualities and rights of all people. Now, please allow me to introduce my team mates.I as the first speaker entrust blab about Science gives major wellness benefits while my second speaker will further strengthen our teams stand on this motion by talking about Science jocks in improving qualities of life and Science improve communication. Last but not least, my third speaker will rebut all misleading points raised by the government team. MOTH, In todays world, Science is vital in ensuring we live a wholesome life. It has major health benefits because as we have the knowledge about the treatments of certain illness and cures ar discovered, many lives can be saved.MOTH, If we support Science, we can follow the benefits from it. Our lives will be much better because we will be able to find the cures and preventions to diseases. We need to have the knowledge in medical aspect so that all fatal diseases can be cured and prevented. Not only that, by supporting science, we will be able to create better health and medical facilities. We will be able to use drugs that prevent diseases rather than merely treating symptoms and we will have body admonishers that warn of impending trouble. MOTH,Can you bear the infliction of suffering from diseases such as cancer and heart attack all your lives just because you oppose to Science? Through science, we can have modern medicinal drug to relieve suffering even for babies. With science also we can detect diseases in early stage even during pregnancies. In genetic screening, for example, we can monitor the development of embryos to get high quality and healthy babies. If there is any disability or defects, it can be treated in early stage. As we know, embryos might have disabilities that would kill them as newborn babies. If properly treated these people may well live to venerate healthy lives.If we oppose science, we are actually not helping the babies to be better adults in terms of their health. Not only that. Science helps in improving health condition of human beings because of any accidents or tragedy. With science, we are able to help people who are blind to see the lights and all wonderful things on earth and people who cannot toss to be able to walk again. Isnt it a miracle? Do you think we will be able to do so without the help of science? I dont think so my dear government team. MOTH, I am sure i have said enough to convince you that science is not a threat but is actually a bless to humanity.The health benefits that we receive from them are so great that we are able to enjoy life to the fullest and no more worries of critical diseases. So MOTH, once again i restate our stand that we totally disagree with the motion today that says Science is a threat to humanity as it should be Science is a bless to humanity. With that i beg to differ. Thank you. SCIENCE IS A THREAT TO HUMANITY 2ND- OPPOSITION Thank you madam speaker. Assalamualaikum and a very good morning to the wise and honourable adjudicators, the punctual timekeeper, my fellow teammates, not forgetting the misleading government team and members of the house.As the second speaker, it is my duty to rebut the arguments given by the second minister of the government t eam. Her/His argument was _____________________________________________________________________________________________________________ But i disagree because ______________________________________________________________________________________________________ Then he/she also claimed that ________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________Then, the Prime Minister claims that ______________________________________________________________________________________________________ Which i dont agree because ________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ MOTH, My first argument is about how science helps in improving the quality of life. As humans, we cannot deny that we need science the knowledge to make our lives easier. You must remember, without science, you will not know how to get clothes, to build a house o r to ca-ca food. The contribution of science can be seen in our anyday lives.Can we think about a life without electricity, cars, telephone, internet, tele visual sense and thousands of scientific inventions that make our life prospering? The application of science is indeed a great help in peoples every day routine. For example, people use their refrigerator to keep their food chilled and fresh longer. People use cars, buses and new(prenominal) vehicles the transport themselves from one place to another. They use air conditioners and heaters to help maintain temperature. As we can see, every aspect of life is dependent on science and its application to improve the quality of life.MOTH, We cannot say no to science for all the contributions it brings. With science, we can get current knowledge and find more discoveries to improve our quality of life. With science also we can get new technology to develop our nation and boost our economy. When our orbit is developed, only then w e can compete with other countries or at least be equal with other countries in terms of social, politics and economy. If we are against science, of course we will be left behind. MOTH, The discoveries in genetically modified food have helped to reduce famine and hunger.In agriculture, the genetics of food are ameliorate to produce bigger fruits which provide more nutrients to all people. This is certainly a great achievement in the field of science where it as able to help the poor countries to fight the problem of hunger among their people. MOTH, Now lets move on to my second argument that is Science helps to improve communication. Years later on years we can see advancement in the communication sector where people on opposite sides of the world are able to stay in touch where before, they would have no possible way to do so, thanks to Science and its application.Today, distance will not be an issue because we can exceed and exchange ideas with people around the world in just a moment. This helps to strengthen the relationship among people. As we all know, the internet keeps us connected. We even can change our ways in solving problems easier and faster through the internet. It also makes our job run fast and more effective. Even entrepreneurs use this medium to do their transactions. The development in many industries right now also is actually because of science and the application of science.There is no barrier to market products and we can compete with other develop countries, thanks again to the miracle of science. MOTH, Do you still remember the 6th Challenge of our Vision 2020? , the challenge of establishing a scientific and progressive union, a society that is innovative and forward looking, one that is not only a consumer of technology but also a contributor to the scientific and technological civilization of the future. Our vision 2020 will not be a reality if we say no to Science. MOTH,

Friday, May 24, 2019

Personal Experience that Changed my Life Essay

America whitethorn be experiencing the worst financial crisis this year. People may worry more or less losing jobs and missing opportunities for bigger earnings. But at age eighteen and fresh from high naturalise graduation, I am every(prenominal) hopes and all set to start the best years of my life. Just a few years back, I was enjoying the comforts of home in Wooster, Ohio, simply unconcerned about my future. My parents were worried about my lagging interests so they decided to send me to a boarding school in Ashtabula called Grand River Academy.The school was noted for its effective programs strengthened especially for struggling students. My parents decision was not in vain. I blended so easily in my boarding school and felt at home. I was smoothly able to realign my perspectives and developed the motivation to accomplish many things. Grand River Academy provided just the right push that I needed. While in the academy I developed computer skills and vast knowledge in computer networking. Soon an unexpected opportunity came that changed my destiny.Read moreAn Experience That Changed My life sentenceThe director of Grand River Academy offered me a workload in one of the special projects for community extension. The project aimed to develop a computer system for the school specifically for the programs involving the schools beneficiary communities. I was tapped to be part of the team to develop the system. For the first time I was depended on and trusted that I could make a difference for the academy. It was an experience that changed me and made my vision of the future clearer and attainable.The high school project experience was signifi elicitt to earn me a $6,000 learning and college admission into one of the best universities in the country Ashland University in Ohio. It is a dream-come-true for me. I give special gratitude to the Grand River Academy community for my ample preparations and creation part of my achievements. Participating in the proje ct team earned me this scholarship privilege and the key to my college education. No amount of financial crisis or global recessions can stop me now because I am determined to succeed.

Thursday, May 23, 2019

A Woman’s Smile Essay

Why womanhood Smile is a persuasive es verify written by Amy Cunningham, an demonstrate that explores the theme of gender differences in our confederation, specific solelyy the difference between the frequency that women grinning compargond to men. She believes the frequency of a adult females smile has more than to do with the social mechanical press intrust on her to smile than it does her actual state of satisfaction. Cunningham uses historical, biological and cultural examples as evidence to support her opinion that these types of influences are to blame for the persistent smiling of women. Women smile promiscuously and often insincerely and the tradition of this behavior is heavily influence by the combination of social pressures in society and human biology. Women need to enunciate up and start fighting their instinct to smile constantly and say whats really on their mind. Why Woman Smile discusses a womans smile and examines the vivid and nurtured causes for the beh avior. Cunningham approaches this topic from a logical, feminists perspective. Her stance through turn step forward the piece is ane of frustration with societys pressure on woman and its dictation of womans behavior.Cunningham tips out the irony that women cast off legally taken overlook of their bodies and destinies, but bugger off failed to take control of the two tiny muscles on their faces. She states that in addition many of us smile in lieu of showing whats really on our minds (189) and that the Smiling Woman has become a peculiarly American archetype (190). She urges women to stop giving insincere smiles and show their rightful(a) emotions. Psychologys most persistent contend and oldest debate is over whether or not human traits and behavior are natural and inherited or if they develop as a product of ones experience and environment, nurture. Modern day psychologists believe that nurture works on what nature endows. Cunningham agrees with these psychologists and arg ues in her essay that the behavior to smile is natural when a person is happy but that it has been nurtured by society, conditioning it to become a constant behavior among women. She supports her argument by providing examples that indicate smiling is a natural instinct as well as a product of our society. To support this theory that smiling is a natural instinct she includes examples of monkeys and their social behavior.Cunningham writes that monkeys pull their lips up and back to show fear of attack as well as their reluctance tovie for a position of dominance (190). She goes on to point out that babies begin to smile roughly 3 months of age and even blind babies know to smile when they are feeling pleasure. These statements are evidence that smiling is a natural instinct and humans are hard-wired to smile from birth. Cunningham argues that this natural behavior has been nurtured and conditioned to become an automatic, constant reaction in social situations. She discusses this by pointing out how mothers coach their girls to be well mannered and polite. They are encouraged to always wear a smile and leave their true emotions at the door. She goes on to say if a woman isnt wearing a smile then she is stopped in the streets ad asked if someaffair is wrong or she is portrayed as too serious or unfriendly.This is society nurturing the behavior to become more frequent among women. She summarizes that as a consequence, a womans smile rarely has to do with the state of her merriment. Her major point of the essay is that a woman smiles because it is an instinctual behavior that has been nurtured by society to become a habit, a repeated behavior she mustiness participate in so she can become the ideal image of what a woman should be. In a blog post included with the essay Cunningham informs her audience that she now disagrees with most of her article. She informs the reader that she had approached the subject from the wrong point of view and let her feelings get i n the way of seeing things clearly. She admits she didnt receive the topic from a neutral standpoint.She has now discovered that woman actually had the right idea all along. Cunningham argues that women smile to spread positive energy and happiness to others around them, and that smiling makes you happy. She concludes her article with a message to woman everywhere. She encourages her audience to be happy and start smiling. A smile means the same thing in every culture it is a universal symbol for pleasure, contentment, and non-dominance. In our society, women are constantly smiling no matter what is on their minds. They smile when they are happy, panicked, nervous, holding back anger, frustrated and a long list of other emotions. Women of all social classes are told to be nurturing, kind, polite and friendly. At a youthful age girls are coached to display these traits and most importantly to always sit up straight and smile. As a woman matures this behavior to smile is nurtured in to a mask and shield for her to wear so she can conform to these high standards society expects of her.When wearing a smile, awoman can appear to be poised and polite, happy and approachable, things that our society demands a woman to be. Rarely does a smile from a woman indicate her state of happiness. Cunningham included a cite from Oscar Wilde in her essay, a quotation that illustrates this point. He wrote, A womans smile is a work of fiction (190). This describes the argument perfectly. Women wear their smiles to hide all of the feelings and emotions that dont serve them well and if revealed would hurt their images and attempts to be the ideal women society demands them to be. Cunninghams blog post mentions that women should keep smiling and get happy. This is true it would do a great disservice to a woman if she actively tried to stop smiling. It would damper her mood, hurt her spirit and have a blackball impact on those around her. Cunningham remarks that women are still exp ected to be magnanimous smilers, helpmates in crisis, and curators of everybody elses morale (193). There has to be a point at which a womans individual needs outweigh the needs of those around her.A woman can spread happiness and smile like Cunningham later suggested, but only to the point where it does not harm the woman. Hiding emotions behind another smile is dangerous to a womans mental wellness and health and the relationships she has. If a woman believes she is being treated unfairly by various people throughout her life and continues to conceal her feelings and not work through them, eventually they will wear on her and explode at an inappropriate time, causing severe damage to the relationships. By then, the small things have added up to a huge problem that could have been avoided if it had been address at the time they occurred. Often the problem or problems have become so extensive they are often not repairable. Negative feelings need to be put out in the open at the rig ht time and place and apace dealt with.These emotions can eat away at a person if kept inside. Women should be encouraged to smile and provide a nurturing energy to the people around them, but only if it is healthy to do so and not harming anyone. Cunninghams original argument was correct women smile constantly and often insincerely because society dictates they should. The behavior is a nurtured, natural instinct and women shouldnt fight it. Women need to stop giving insincere smiles so people around them can run across when something is wrong so they can help to fix it. The social pressures that weigh heavily on women are nearly impossible to maintain. Women are humanthey have the same feelings and emotions men do. It is unfair and unhealthy that women are not encouraged to show these emotions and instead instructed to smile constantly. It is impossible to maintain this image of eternal happiness and woman should stop trying to. A smile can uplift and help people, but the decept ion of an insincere smile can cause more harm than good. Women should keep smiling but only when they want to.Works CitedCunningham, Amy. Why Women Smile. The Norton Reader an anthology of nonfiction. Ed. Linda Peterson, John Brereton, Joseph Bizup, Anne Fernald, Melissa Goldthwaite. New York Norton, 2012. 189-195. Print.Cunningham, Amy. All Smiles Now. Beliefnet.com. N.p., 29 Dec. 2006. Web. 10 Oct. 2014.Works CitedCunningham, Amy. All Smiles Now. Beliefnet.com. N.p., 29 Dec. 2006. Web. 10 Oct. 2014. Cunningham, Amy. Why Women Smile. The Norton Reader an anthology of nonfiction. Ed. Linda Peterson, John Brereton, Joseph Bizup, Anne Fernald, Melissa Goldthwaite. New York Norton, 2012. 189-195. Print.

Wednesday, May 22, 2019

Alternatives for the decision regarding the high lead found in the whistles Essay

The situation of determining how to handle the recently discovered high lead content in the large whistles order is a troublesome one that go out in some way move the company. Three substitutes have been made to waive options for this conclusiveness.Alternative 1 Say nothing allow the whistles shipment to go without notifying the customer.Alternative 2 Replace the customers order by providing whistles that meet the appropriate company standards.Alternative 3 get across the customer and explain the situation, offer them a discount for on the whistles that atomic number 18 lower than the company standard.Decision Process The process for choosing the three alternatives began by identifying the conclusiveness to be made. The decision at hand is what to do with the information discovered roughly the order of whistles going to a school in South America. This is a big decision that leave alone affect the company in each alternative. The next step of the process is listing options possible for the situation, and then studying those options by listing proceedss and disadvantages of each. Then the decision was made by choosing the better overall solution for the decision. And lastly the decision was evaluated to determine if the results were what was expected.The three options for this decision are listed to a higher place say nothing to the customer, alternate the order, or try to make a deal for the customer. Each option is motivated by a result that provide benefit the company financially, ethically, or a mixture of both.The idea behind the alternative 1 decision was to save money upfront and not fuss with order changes and other inconveniences for the company. In studying this option the advantage of this would be to save money and time for the company. The disadvantage would be a possibly stressed customer, an unethical move which could make employees see the company as being unfair giving a poor proceeds that could be hazardous to children. The efficacious ramifications of this alternative would be risky if the a child became ill from the use of the whistles and the company was blamed, sued, etc.The idea behind the alternative 2 decision was to replace the customers order with whistles that are not potentially hazardous and meets the company standards. The advantage of this option is not putting the company in an unethical situation of trying to pass products that are under par for high quality. This leave alone help set a standard of ethics in the company that could motivate employees to do good work. The disadvantage of this option is that it forget cost the company $100,000. The financial redness could take a long time to recover from, the positive catch on employees wont immediately compensate for the loss. There would not be a legal issue with this option.The idea behind the alternative 3 decision was to try and contact the customer and explain the situation and let them decide if they would like the whistles rep laced or to take the hazardous whistles at a discount. The advantage of this alternative is that the customer could decide to keep the original whistles which would still save the company a considerable amount of money cutting the losses to a much smaller amount. Also it would show that the company had the customers best interest in mind. The disadvantage of this option is that it could reflect negatively on the company still because we cant really determine how the customer will feel about the whistles that are potentially hazardous. They customer might ring that the company is trying to cut corners and save themselves money. This would be bad for prox business. Legally the customer would probably not try and sue the company, but in that location is still the potential issue of the company being reported as manufacturing products with too high of a lead content. This would kill the companys temper and the customer relationships of other clients.Recommendation Alternative 2 is t he recommended decision alternate the customers order by providing whistles that meet the appropriate company standards. This decision was made by both ethical and financial decisions. Ethically this alternative is the most appropriate. The customer contacted the company to provide a product to be employ in the South American schools. It would be unethical to provide the customer with a product that is below the company and country standards even though they are not violating the South American standard. The customer chose this company over a foreign company to give a quality and safe product.This recommendation will positively affect the company because they will possibly become more favorable in the eyes of the customer, with the possibility of more business in the future from them and their business relations.This option was chosen not only for company recognition, but also to save children from a potentially hazardous sense. This option will be a great cost to the company, bu t the positive experience from both the customer and employees. By creating a culture of wanting to do what is right will help future sales and the company will gradually earn the loss in funds back over time.Customer relationships Considering the outcome on the customer relationship is an important part of the decision making process. We have to ask ourselves how will the customer feel about our decision, how will it influence them and how will it influence the company? By choosing alternative 2, to replace the whistles, the company will look favorably to the customer, being the school buying the whistles. Though the company will merely be providing the product that was originally agreed upon for the initial sale, the customer will realize that the company is sacrificing to replace the whistles and they will go away with a positive relationship with the company. This experience is sure to foster future business from the customer because of the positive experience they experienced. They will also be more belike to recommend the company to their peers and the company could gain substantial business from the experience.The children who would be ultimately affected by the quality of the whistles will feel good about receiving a quality, non-hazardous product, and the parents of the children will be grateful knowing that the company behaved ethically. This could also create future business for the company by providing the children and parents with a positive experience from the company.The company employees will see the standard of ethics portrayed by the company and it will reflect in their work. By giving an example of a high ethical standard it is likely that employees will take greater pride in their work which will affect the company in a positive way. The companys decision will affect multiple stages of people, their feelings, thoughts, and behaviors will help the company in the long run to regain the loss taken from replacing the whistles. The financial ga ins will be gradual yet immeasurable in the long run of creating a company with a surpassing ethical standard.Social Responsibility In a corporation, social responsibility is behaving ethically as individual workers and together as a company to be sensitive toward social, cultural, economic and environmental issues. This means that the company doesnt always do whats best for its self but rather do what is best for their environment, customers, employees, culture, etc.Social responsibility is a big part of the decision making process because decisions made by the company not only affect the company alone, it affects employees, the economy, the customers, and the environment. These decisions and methods are important when considering long-term business operations.The decision making process for the situation had many factors involved. The most noticeable factor was the cost of replacing the lower quality whistles with a product that is up to the companys standard and isnt potentially hazardous. There was multiple ways of looking the puzzle ignoring it, saving the company money and hoping there was not issues with the product, or there was the option to replace the product with something the company could be proud of, a product that had no hazards for use by children, and doing what was appropriate ethically for the situation.Social responsibility played a major part in the decision to use alternative 2 and replace the order with whistles that didnt have high amounts of lead. The choice to do what is best for the customer, environment, and the kids of the schools outweighed the option to save the company time and money.

Tuesday, May 21, 2019

Internet Does More Harm Than Good

Do you really want to hear the news of having your child being mass murdered? Committing suicide? Or even viewing unconnected content? The internet shag be a dangerous place for you, your computer and your children. It is extremely important to be aw be of the fact that not every wizard on the internet is as honest ab unwrap themselves that you atomic number 18 about yourself. Undoubtedly the Internet brings more harm than good. Predators, they are everywhere waiting for you and your child. Sexual predators do exist and are a real threat.They nates both girls and boys of all ages and riding habit the anonymity of the internet to their advantage since they can meet whoever they want. Many are master manipulators with skills that can cripple any childs sense of awareness. These predators mainly aim for emotionally vulnerable children, trying to gradually seduce their targets through attention, kindness, and also affection. They use these seductive techniques against their victim s to build a relationship. This plays right into the adolescent mind as they look for commonwealth that can relate to their feelings.With the presence of searchable Facebook and Twitter profiles predators can soft find information about potential victims since many naive children list personal information with no regard to safety. Even simple statements listed on a profile such as school attended, state lived in, or even work place can allow predators to gain necessary information to target these children. Once the predators achieve their victims trust the predator often manipulates their victim into doing things they shouldnt be doing to compromise their safety. One in five U. S. teenagers who regularly log on to the Internet says they turn in received an unwanted sexual solicitation via the Internet1. Of the five U. S teenagers the victims are often pressured by their predator to send pornographic images of themselves to their predator. The victim often mis mobs their trust as feelings of love which could ultimately result in the victims death. Even though children are willing to engage in conversion that appears innocent and harmless, parents must keep on guard to protect their families.Consequences could be authorities finding the dead carcass of their child in a lake, their child getting raped and left to die, or even only finding the remains of the body. The internet imposes lots of threats, one of them being viruses. According to Norton Symantec, they cannot cover every single virus that is out there, because about are just too strong. There are some viruses that cant be put off, and some viruses that even put you in danger of seeing inappropriate material. Even though you may not have been doing anything incorrectly, harm may still come your way.Not only are there viruses, but there are also inappropriate websites that r apiece innocent eyes. Children all at once get pictures or a file in their computer, and out of curiosity, fall under the tra p they are put in. Children then click on these files and out of nowhere they are no longer in control of their computer. Not only are children at risk, adults are schemed of their money through the internet, 55. 7% of people say that email or internet is the most common known method through which victims are exposed to a scam.Around one in vii victims stated they were unaware of the scam. 2 Using the Internet is a great skill at any age however the slower speed among some older people makes them easier targets for Internet scammers since seniors are thought to have a significant amount of money sitting in their accounts. Their unfamiliarity with browsing the web makes them especially vulnerable to such traps as pop-up browsers and fake items on sale. This is not something we certainly do not want to continue, but merely something we want to stop.If this doesnt take the stand internet is dangerous, nothing does. Cyber bullying is not just some insignificant problem experienced by a few. Cyber bullying is widespread, your children are aware of it, they experience how it happens and yet they are not aware of or concerned with the consequences of such actions. It is widely known that bullying can cause long-term psychological problems that are harmful to victims, including low self-esteem, depression, anger, school failure, violence and in worse case scenarios suicide.In a study of over 3000 students, it was found that 38% of bully victims felt vengeful, 37% were angry, and 24% felt helpless3. Cyber bullying is even more harmful to young people than face-to-face bullying. The insults, comments or images can be repeated by the bully or by others so that the victim may read or view them over and over again as the harm is re-inflicted with each reading or viewing. The size of the audience that is able to view or access the damaging material on the Internet increases the victims humiliation.In addition, hearty networking sites such as Facebook and Twitter allows cyber bullies to engage in campaigns against a particular person which may involve many others. Due to the humiliation felt by the victim they are at a vulnerable position in which they are afraid to seek help but rather think to take the easier option to end their life. Regardless of any situation, cyber bullies are ought to be dealt with, parents should be more concerned about their childs safety, and more help should be offered to the victims.If we ignore everything, the crimes of cyber bullying will go unpunished. Are we ready to lose another young life? The internet definitely does more harm than good. An case-by-case could feel so helpless to the point of taking their own life. A computer could be taken over by a deadly virus and never return to its original form. But perhaps the scariest Internet safety concern is what could happen to an unprotected child doing battle with an Internet predator unaccompanied in cyberspace. Word count- 981

Monday, May 20, 2019

Newfood Case

Newfood Case by Adrian Sanchez The correlation amongst Price and sales is large and negative for all three-time periods. What does this say about how prices Works? The correlation coefficient shows a measure of the linear relationship between these twain variables. notwithstanding, this association does non imply causation, meaning that the switch in one variable is not caused by the change of the other one in the opponent direction. Yet, the increasing negative value of the correlation coefficients allows us to infer from these results that when the price rises sales will decrease.This logical argument is supported by the aim of significance of each case less than 0,01. Explain the correlations between publicise and sales. What is happening to the advertising effect oer time? App arntly based solely on the correlation numbers pool the advertising has a negative effect on sales over the time. However when the level of significance is analyzed, it turned evident that these numbers argon way greater than the (0. 001) level of significance same with a 99. % confident level. Hence they are not significant and it is safe to conclude that the correlation numbers between advertising and sales have no effect. Note that the inter-correlations between advertising location and prices are all zero. Why? This result support the experiment parameters established from the beginning, we were considering this variables as in drug-addicteds, meaning that there are no linear relationship among them, endorsing the design of the experiment.What do the regressions of sales variables (Sales1, Sales2, Sales3) using P, A and L as strong-minded variables, imply about the effect of prices? Of advertising? Of Location? proceeds of Price As we tell in the question 1 there is a strong correlation between the prince and the sales numbers. An development in price suggests a decrease in sales. So, based on this result, we may say that the grocery store is price sensitive and the company should take into consideration the price variable when developing the final pitch plan of the product. Significance level is below 0. 1 meaning a 99% of confidence level. gist of Advertising Due to a high significance level, p-value higher than 0. 01 not accomplishing the 99% or plane 95% of confidence level, we may safely state that advertising has no effect on sales. Effect of Location Due to a high significance level, p-value higher than 0. 01 not accomplishing the 99% or eventide 95% of confidence level, we may safely state that location has no effect on sales. rebroadcast adding income and volume. Do your judgments about the effect of price, advertising and location change? Why?When taking into consideration Income and book of account as additional values, my judgment does not change regarding the price and location effect. However, the impact of adding these two variables in the regression model make the advertising variable to become significant, and then hav ing an effect in the unfeigned outcomes of sales. In fact, only the volume variable affect the advertising significance in this case, income variable is not significant at 99% confident level. After analyzing the correlation chart, we realized that volume & advertising are correlated (negatively).So the regression model fails to predict accurately the effect of advertising on sales. Since we have two independent variables correlated, we pauperisation to control for volume and vary the advertising variable in order to charm the real effect of this last one on the final outcomes of sales. What additional regression runs if any, should be make to complete the analysis of this data? I would run the regression of the 6 months sales compiled as dependent variable and the others variables as independent (i. e. Price, advertising, location, Income, Volume).I would also dig deeper in the interaction between al the independent variables (Price, advertising, location, income and volume). It is precise important to understand the real effect of advertising in this model, for that as aforementioned we need to run model in which volume is controlled in different scenarios checking the behavior on the advertising in order to measure its real effect on sales. If possible obtain an output of residuals. Check the residuals to target observations that do not seem to fit the model. Why dont they fit?They do not fit because perfectly because the initial regression model we are using is a linear model. Is very much likely that the relation between the independent variable and the dependent variable change the angle as the number increase or decreasing forming a curve in a YX chart. However the linear approximation seem to be very appropriate after looking after the roll of the data in the chart. Finally each independent variable has a different effect over the dependent variable, which makes the residuals also different, when compare among each other.

Sunday, May 19, 2019

The Woman Behind the Mask Essay

Social media has distorted the views and minds of four-year-old women in our fiat straight off. Due to being of the female gender, the reason of Mascara, Aurelie Sheehan, empathizes with women by diving into the r come to the forees and tasks of their popular lives. When first skimming over and reading Mascara, the mind picks up a routine of young women scentting ready for an event. Sheehan is attempting to portray and reveal to the reader that society has all(a)ot a false image in the minds of young womenif they be not correct, they are not good enough.Women vex been corrupted by society into mentation they must be perfect and shit become overwhelmed with doing the saucer-eyed day-to-day tasks or they go out not be accepted in this world. umteen men directly do not realize that the media is having an effect on how they see women and how they believe women should intent. The author is trying to testify the fact that women believe they ask to become something they are not. This goes back to the title Mascara, which is the Spanish word for mask, and that is on the button what women do today. Women today have become overwhelmed and insecure, and due to the degeneracy in society and the media they have been tricked into thinking they must be perfect. Today more women have become overwhelmed with doing the simple day-to-day tasks. Most women get up one to two hours to begin with actu altogethery starting their day fairish to feel and odor presentable.Throughout the trading floor Mascara, the phrase and then she is displayed in almost every sentence. This story is not just about someones routine but it is in fact a listen. A list that most women feel they have to go though everyday or every time they are exhalation to go out somewhere. Most women have a false perspective of what they have to look the likes of due to the corruption in todays society and media. The overwhelming idea that society and the media have tack into young womens minds make them feels as if they have to keep changing who they are. some(prenominal) people think that women enjoy and are happy to doll themselves up everyday, when in fact everyday they are overwhelmed with trying to look a received away for either the morning or for going out.A young woman is carrying out a routine of forty-nine things she need to do before going on a date. Needing to do this forty-nine item routine before going out has insecurity written all over it. In the last sentence of Mascara it says, And then she went to him young women today feel as if they need to be all dolled up for a guy. When in fact guys like girls for who they are and not for who they are trying to be. Which goes back to the title Mascara which is the Spanish word for mask and that is exactly what women do today. They put on a mask. When the young woman in this story is putting on her makeup she applies eight items to her face. Applying all of this to her skin shows the reader how insecure she is to show her true and real self.The saying, Yeah. She is picturesque now but have you seen her without her makeup on?, plays a key role in why so many girls are insecure with themselves. many a(prenominal) young women today are afraid of what others will say about them if they show their true self or their true face and this is what the short story Mascara is really about. Thinking she needs to do a forty-nine item routine to her body before going out in public, tells the reader that young women today are always being judged and ridiculed by their piers and by society. This is why young women are so insecure with themselves. Every girl today feels as if they must be perfect. No matter what every girl looks like or who they are, women will fetch at lest one characteristic that they would diverge about themselves if they could. Women are rarely happy with who they are and feel as if they need to be perfect to be accepted or liked.The sad virtue is that many women will not acce pt that there is no such thing as perfection. Many have come close to achieving perfection, but they will never actually achieve it. And then she realized she had disregarded to weigh herself the woman that is being spoken about in this story does not feel perfect because she thinks she needs to weigh herself, and in weighing herself it would tell her if she has reached the weight perfection or not. Media today with all the health and weight loss magazines are very misleading to young women into thinking they must be a certain weight and have their body look a certain way or they are not skinny enough. Women have taken this false image to heart and have put themselves at risk by trying to achieve the unachievable perfection statues.And then she looked in the uncut mirror.and then she turned to the side to look form a different angle. Even later on completing her whole routine, she has to look in the mirror to see if she had missed anything or if she needs to change anything about herself. Women feel as if they do not just have to weigh a certain amount but similarly have to look a certain way too. Many women feel the need to possess certain qualities of perfection, such as perfect height, perfect weight, perfect looks, and perfect skin. These thoughts do not just randomly pop into womens heads, it is society and the media that is putting these false hopes into their minds. For example in every magazine or on every poster the models in them have perfect bodies and you cannot describe one flaw in them. There are no overweight or imperfections in the models in this form of media, which has corrupted women into thinking that looking anything other than what they see in this form of media is not acceptable.Many men today do not realize that the media is having an effect on how they see women and how they think women should look. The media has also put a false image in mens heads in thinking that all women need to look the same or they are not good enough. This has put pressure on young women today because they think they need to look and be someone that they are not. A fold of women do not just wake up and look like they do every morning. Many women go though long routines and list to obtain their looks. This is displayed in the short story Mascara because a young woman does a routine of forty-nine items just to go on a date with a guy.She does not just do every thing in her routine once but sooner does a few of them at least two times. Men do not realize that women put a lot of time and effort into getting ready, which men take for granted. Mascara is short story that displays the truth on what many women do before going on a date. Many women go though long routines to get ready so they can feel good about themselves. Many women have become insecure with themselves due to the false and negative images in the media that is displayed around them. Many women feel as if they need to look and act a certain way to be accepted and to not be ju dged by their peers. From how media shows how women are suppose to look, many women have become insecure with themselves, and feel the need to be perfect when in fact perfection is unachievable. Women today have become overwhelmed and insecure due to the corruption in society and the media, into thinking they must be perfect.

Saturday, May 18, 2019

Porter Five Forces Assist an Organisation in Their Strategic Planning

How does porters beers Five Forces Model swear out an organisation in their strategicalal training? Before understanding how we must know what Porters Five Forces model really is (Michael E. Porter, 2008). Comp a com do(prenominal) distort to secure a hawkish favor all over their rivals, I mean who doesnt take to be the best? Although the intensity of rivalry varies indoors each persistence and these differences eject be important in the development of dodging, but rather the quin forces (Porter, 2008) being a dodge of whatsoever sort, it acts a exemplar in securing a dodge.The only time where strategy is irrelevant, would be when you have no competitors where netly the purlieu is a monopoly, or when you have a ton of money to throw around and waste. But having say that, it is not resemblingly at all. Without framework, strategy will inevitably collapse, as they both come deliberate in hand. Thus a chain arises as the fin forces (Porter, 2008) acts as a frame work in assisting an organisation in their strategic planning, where strategic planning leads to a competitive profit over their competitors which thence leads to ultimate success of the comp either.Before proceeding to the question at hand on how Porters Five Forces can assist an organisation in their strategic planning, first we have to know two things, what are the Five Forces that Porter (2008) proposed, and ultimately what strategy really means? To ease this journey, lets start with the Five Forces (Porter, 2008).Before some(prenominal) company put d holds a certain market, one must first analyse the competitive nature of the market, and this is only what the Five Forces (2008) aids to do, to provide a framework to determine the intensity of competition within an industriousness where three of the five competitive forces comes from an external sources, and the remainder coming from an internal sources. These external sources includes Threat of electric potential entrants , threat of potential substitutes and rivalry of existing pixilateds in the diligence.Now these sources are external due to the fact that it is apparently impossible to temper with. But what we can control, are the two internal sources the dicker power of suppliers, and the bar elevateing power of purchasers. Being aware of the five forces can aid firms into identifying existence and the importance of each of the five forces, as well as the roles that each force plays into the success of the firms. The threat of potential entrants Although it is possible for any company to enter and exit a market of their choice, each market has their own unique barriers to go in and out of.Therefore the essence of this force deals with the level of difficulty that a company can enter into an perseverance which will ultimately impact competition within the industry. Whenever a new company enters an industry, the competitive climate swops it provides more alternatives to consumers, therefore re ducing its attractiveness and the competition within the industry increases as each company is trying to come out on top. As each industry have their own unique characteristics it appropriates them to build a barrier from other industries protecting them from meshability while restraining additional rivals from incoming the market.These restraints and characteristics that industries create are referred to as barriers of entry. Barriers of entry are a characteristic acquired uniquely to each industry. It attempts to shorten the rate of entry of new companies which maintains the level of profitability for all current industry competitors, where if new companies enters the industry, the profit is shared amongst the original and the newly developed companies in the industry, ultimately decreasing overall profits of each company, which isnt ideal.Conversely when profitability of an industry is high, companies will attempt to come into the industry to get a piece of the action, which then will til nowtually result in reducing profits due to the fact that it is dual-lane up into more quarters. Where theres an entry, theres an exit, barriers to exit limits the ability of a firm to leave the market, meanwhile rivalries can worsen. So when barriers for entry and exits are high, it means that companies have a high potential to stigma more profit and the opposite occurs when barriers are low.The threat of substitutes where it refers to substitute product as those that are available in other industry which can also fulfil the need and want of the consumers. It can affect competition in an industry by placing an invisible ceiling on prices which companies within the industry can charge, due to the fact that if the cost of substitute is low then the consumers will extend to purchase substitutes, therefore limiting the prices that a company can place on certain items to put one over maximum profit. For example, lemonade can be substituted for a soft drink.Generally, c ompetitive pressures arising from substitute products increase as the relation back price of substitute products declines and as consumers switching costs decrease. The talk terms power of buyers is affected by the engrossment and routine of consumers, when buyer power is strong, they gain the power to choose between producers and ultimately equip themselves with dealing power which then the producers will have to conform to in pose to produce profit, under these conditions the buyer has the most influence in determining the price of products.Also when buyers have strong bargaining power in the exchange relationship, competition can be affected in several ways. Powerful buyers can bargain for lower prices, kick downstairs product distribution, higher-quality products, as well as other factors that can create great competition among companies. To minimise the power of buyers, companies can develop offers in which strong buyers cannot refuse, also, companies can choose to get buyers with less bargaining power.Similarly, the bargaining power of suppliers affects the intensity of competition in an industry, for a production industry that produces goods, birthday suit materials are needed which creates a buyer and supplier relationship between the industry and companies which produces the raw materials. Suppliers whitethorn be able to determine prices especially when there are a large number of suppliers, limited substitute raw materials, or increased switching costs. The bargaining power of suppliers is important to industry competition because suppliers can also affect the quality of exchange relationships. challenger may become more ardent as powerful suppliers raise prices, reduce services, or reduce the quality of goods or services. In order to minimise the power of suppliers, industry tend to build win-win relationships with suppliers where both parties benefits from it or arrange to use sextuple suppliers so if one supplier chooses to increase th eir prices, the company doesnt get affected as much. Competition is also affected by the rivalry among existing firms, which is usually considered as the most powerful of the five competitive forces.In most industries, business organizations are mutually dependent, industries that are concentrated versus fragmented often boast the highest level of rivalry. A competitive move by one company in pursuing an returns over its rivals can be expected to have a noticeable effect on its competitors, and thus, may cause retaliation of other companies, for example, lowering prices, enhancing quality, adding features, providing services, extending warranties, and increasing advertising, placing themselves in a competitive advantage over the competitors.The nature of competition is often affected by a variety of factors, such as the coat and number of competitors, demand changes for the industrys products, the specificity of assets within the industry, the presence of strong exit barriers, an d the variety of competitors. These conditions will lead to a more challenging industry where companies compete in, leading to price wars, advertising battles, and the addition of new products. So after liberation through the five forces, lets take a look at what strategic planning really means.If we are tone ending to have a good strategy, we must disclose strategy from goals and objectives and other issues that managers often think about. Now most management practitioners make the mistake in defining strategy, a strategy is what unique position that we will be able to pass on, what our advantage is going to be at the end of the day as we take these steps accumulatively over time, how were going to be unique? How were going to have an advantage? How were going to sustain the advantage over time? Schermerhorn, Davidson, Poole, Simon, Woods, Chau, 2011). The steps we take arent a strategy, but somehow numerous companies make the mistake of fixating themselves on a particular acti on that an organisation want to approach, which then inevitably becomes their strategy but that usually leads to the downfall of the company simply because they do not know why theyre doing it and when they should stop doing it. As we all know, every industry is different, therefore, there is no universal strategy that can apply to any business.But before proceeding, a company must understand their position and the industry that they are in and their circumstances in order to find a way of admiting a competitive advantage over the competitors, where indefinitely delivering a unique value to the consumers which rivals cannot. As the five forces (Porter, 2001) suggests that being at a competitive advantage is the idealistic way of being on top, due to the fact that every industry has their own set of economics, the five forces (Porter, 2001) without a doubt acts as a framework to extract any necessary information needed to develop strategy to gain competitive advantage.The Five force s (Porter, 2001) help you kinsfolk in on what is really causing profitability, or in fact what is causing the trends of the significance and change of the industry. This powerful framework can prevent an organisation from getting tricked or trapped into the latest trends like the technological sensation, and really allowing organisations to focus solely on the underlying fundamentals. This can be applied to any industry whether if its production or a service, high tech or low tech, emerging or developed industries (Porter, 2001).With the framework at hand, it acts as a guide or even a re cheque off criteria sheet into strategic planning, how should we begin? The strategy formulating process will be pretty keen forward from here after deeply understanding the five forces which Porter (2001) proposed. The first step should be the analysis of the industry that a company is trying to get into, looking at the environment to tick off all of the 5 boxes one by one, evaluating what the i ndustry looks like, how its been changing over time, and what are the drivers of competition (Schermerhorn et al, 2011).After a careful analyse the company is then required to under the dynamics as to where the industry is going, how the buyers and substitutes entry level are evolving, and lastly how to position the company to gain a good profit. These are all extracted from the framework proposed by Porter (2001), although competition is sometimes looked at too narrowly, with careful analysis of the five forces (Porter, 2001) will ultimately position the company in a competitive advantage.Where a competitive advantage allows an organisation to deal with the market and environmental forces much better than its competitors (Ramon, 2012), to achieve this goal, the company needs to be at its best and better than the competitors who are trying to achieve the same goal in the same industry. Rather than a goal, competitive advantage is a position that a company wants to be in, a goal is t o make the competitive advantage sustainable in spite of all the mockery of rivals, although achieving and sustaining it is a challenging task, but it will set concrete grow for the company in years to come.The implementation of strategic planning tools serves a variety of purposes in companies, including the out-of-doors definition of an organizations purpose and mission, and the establishment of a standard base from which progress can be measurable and future actions can be planned. I-O psychologist Ramon E, Henson (2012) and Robert E, Ployhart (2012) although having disagreements in some parts of their papers, they ultimately come forward in reinforcing the importance of competitive advantage suggesting that I-O and strategy has been joined at hips for years (Ramon, 2012), also suggesting hat I-O psychology should stray from the focus of individuals and start focusing more on the company as a in all as they have much to offer in the understanding of competitive advantage (Pl oyhart, 2012). Furthermore, the strategic planning tools should communicate those goals and objectives to the organisation as a whole rather than just the ones involved in the strategic planning process (OShannassy, 2003) to achieve a more efficient work flow. Throughout the centuries, countless strategic approaches has been formed and used and recycled, so why use Porters Five Forces (2008)?For example, strategy as simple rules Kathleen M. Eisenhardt, Donald N. Sull, (2001). It illustrates the success story of Yahoo , along with other successful companies coming from an unattractive market. So how they did succeed? More generally, what are the sources of competitive advantage in high-velocity markets? What does strategy mean in the new economy? (Eisenhardt et al, 2001, p. 108). The key is none-other than strategy as simple rules, it targets market confusion and rides the magic carpet to see where or what it will journey into.Although it is indeed called simple rules, a rule still applies to it, as one Internet executive explained I have a thousand opportunities a day strategy is deciding which 50 to do. (Eisenhardt et al, 2001, p. 108). As it summarises and illustrates that simple rules is all about taking risks, its essence is to capture unlooked-for opportunities for ultimate success. Although for companies like Yahoo has gained huge success, simple rules (2001) cannot apply to any industry as the authors suggests (Eisenhardt et al, 2001).If the luck presents itself, for anyone to use simple rules (2001) as a stepping stone to success, without a doubt, one should take the opportunity, but an opportunity does not just come without any background knowledge of a particular industry, and this is where Porters Five Forces (2008) comes into play, as it provides a framework for careful analysis of the industry, by analysing the industry will allow you to grab hold of the opportunities that might come about. Despite the fact that there are numerous of strategi es to obtain competitive advantage, Porters Five Forces (2008) acts as a basis of all these trategies, as it is a tick-off criteria sheet which allows a company to understand their position before even implementing any sort of action. It is important as companies strives for ultimate profitability, thus the importance of a company securing a competitive advantage over their competitors is key, as even I-O psychologists supports the important of competitive advantage and that it should be a department on its own (Ployhart, 2012). How to implement strategy and sustaining it is another question. Although Yahoo nd some other companies has succeeded without the five forces (Porter, 2008), it is a dangerous and risky step, and for those who doesnt have the resource to throw around, Porters Five Forces (2008) will not only act as a friend but mentor to the journey of success. Reference John R. Schermerhorn, Paul Davidson, David Poole, Alan Simon, Peter woods So Ling Chau (2011). Managemen t 4th Asia-Pacific Edition. Queensland, Australia John Wiley Sons Australia, Ltd. Kathleen M. Eisenhardt, Donald N. Sull, (2001). Strategy as Simple Rules. Harvard Business Review,79(1), 106-116.Porter E. Michael. THE FIVE competitive FORCES THAT SHAPE STRATEGY. Harvard Business Review, 00178012, Jan2008, Vol. 86, Issue 1. RAMON M. HENSON. Industrial-organisational and Strategy Are Integrated in Practice Industrial and Organizational Psychology, 5(2012), pp82-86. Robert E. Ployhart. From Possible to Probable The Psychology of Competitive Advantage. Industrial and Organizational Psychology, 5 (2012), 120126. Tim OShannassy, (2003). in advance(p) Strategic management Balancing Strategic Thinking and Strategic Planning for Internal and External Stakeholders. capital of Singapore Management Review, 25(1), 53-67.

Friday, May 17, 2019

How Can Men and Woman Communicate More Effectively Through Technology

How can men and women communicate more than effectively through engineering? * Women are more expressive when they type or text, on the early(a) hand men arent as expressive .EX women may use more punctuation or emoticons * workforce should subdue to be expressive so that it doesnt care they dont wish well or to let the woman know they are listening and caring about what they have to vocalise * Or, women should try to tone it down a bit with the seriousness of everything when everything doesnt have to be so critical or over exciting for no reason * When communicating through texts or email, since women run away to be more expressive they tend to max out the the160 character message limit (news wise) * Men would probably listen more if they didnt have to read such lengthy texts.Women should probably try to fit what they have to say in few words that still get their point across. * The silk hat ways of communication would obviously be face to face but next to that, technology like chat rooms and instant messaging and social networking sites make it easier for opposite sex to talk to distributively other. (eCommunications) * Takes away the stress and pressure of talking in person. If these are the ways men and woman communicate, they ingest to make sure that they think about the misinterpretations that could happen. To avoid the misinterpretation, men and woman should both understand that technology isnt a real serious way of communicating just in case the self-coloured misinterpretation gets in the middle of things and starts drama. * Sources * When Texting, Eligible Women Express Themselves Better. Newswise News for Journalists, Press Release Distribution for in the public eye(predicate) Relations. Indiana University. Web. 10 Nov. 2011. <http//www. newswise. com/articles/when-texting-eligible-women-express-themselves-better>. * Best Ways to Communicate Through Technology. ECommunications. ECommunications. Web. 10 Nov. 2011. <http//efunsoft. co m/best-ways-to-communicate-through-technology. htm>.

Thursday, May 16, 2019

Medical Marijuana: Good or Bad?

On April 14, 2011, I need an article in the New York Times that read Pat Robertson Questions Prison for Pot Convictions. (Shear) The article had caught my eye beca utilize of who Pat Robertson is and how you wouldnt think he would be for the legalization of Marijuana. I would have to moderate with what Pat goes on to say and how I feel a lot of it cooks sense. Im not exactly for the use of drugs, dont get me wrong, exclusively I just believe that criminalizing ganja, criminalizing the possession of a few ounces of pot, that kind of thing, its just, its cost us a fortune and its ruining young people, Mr. Robertson said. Young people go into prisons they go in as youths and come out as hardened criminals. Thats not a steady-going thing. That is what Pat Robertson, the televangelist who once ran for president, said on his show The 700 Club while mentioning how thought nookienabis universe legalized fucking be a great thing. I am a 41 year aging wife and mother who has had h er fair shargon of life experiences. My past experiences include using marijuana from magazine to time when I was younger. I never became an avid user and only remember having a approximate time when I used. I distinctively remember how its effects relaxed me much and put me more at ease.Unfortunately, prison and put to sleep are to a fault in my past experiences and thats where I have to agree with Mr. Robertson and what he says in this article. I do believe that people being put in jail and prisons for minor marijuana charges is doing nothing but costing us millions in dollars in prosecuting them and subjecting these people to removeenders who are there for much more dangerous makeenses. My marijuana use and jail time had nothing to do with maven another. I was sentenced for something wrong that I had done and was rightfully sentenced for that crime.I took it very(prenominal) serious and did what postulate to be done to get back home and start over. If its not taken grave ly and its not used as a positive stepping stone it can be very easy to get caught up with the wrong people and negative drama that jail brings and the bad things good people can learn and take with them when released. Each year, some 750,000 Americans are arrested for possession of sm on the whole amounts of marijuana. Is that sincerely what we want our police force to focus on? I am not a marijuana activist, but the real truth is, I would much rather have pot in exclude than alcohol any day.I am so tired of the fights that break out or all the DUIs that people get all the time. In most my research, I oasist tack together any real statistics on how marijuana poses the same result? Alcohol, which can cause one to shape violent and even cause death does not compare with marijuana, where one cant OD or cause death by over-intoxication. A spokesperson for Mr. Robertson goes on to say that Mr. Robertson did not delimit to suggest support for the legalization of marijuana, but rath er to question the severity of how our government punishes those who use or possess a small amount of the drug.Sarah Palin, who is against the legalization of marijuana, has said how she feels that our police force shouldnt eliminate a lot of time hunting down these offenders. The drug policy that our government currently holds also plays a significant role in creating crime and empowering gangs. The only groups that benefit from continuing to keep marijuana illegal are the violent gangs and cartels that control its distribution and reap immense profits from it through the fatal market. That is what a group of current and former police officers, judges, and prosecutors wrote resist month in an overspread letter to voters in California. Kristof) I would have to agree with that statement wholeheartedly. I strongly feel that if marijuana was legalized it would cease some of the violent and criminal activity in society. Legalizing marijuana for medical exam use is a huge debate wit hin Americans and our government here in the United States. There are 15 states that allow medical marijuana to be distributed legally to its consumers.Here is a list of some of the medical issues that can be helped by the use of marijuana * Pain Relief ( all types of Pain one might have) * Increases appetite (Cancer) * Decreased Nausea (AIDS/Cancer) Muscle relaxation (Multiple Sclerosis/Epileptic Seizures) * Enhances mood and senses (Depression and anxiety) * Encourages sleepiness and sleep (Multiple Sclerosis, Depression, Cancer and more) These are only some of the many medical issues that can be change and benefited by the medicinal use of Marijuana. (Uddin/Hurd) After reading all the great ways marijuana can help someone when suffering from a medical problem makes you wonder why more states havent joined in on legalizing it. There is more evidence in backing up the pro than the con side of this litigation.I now want to introduce to you, forefather Lisk, 57, and Sarah Baugh, b oth from tonne and both being prescribed medical marijuana for medicinal purposes, tell us of their experiences. In short, Don suffers from chronic back wo(e) he has had for 20 years and tells us marijuana dulls the back pain enough to let him sleep better at night. He also says how pot takes the edge off the pain and he doesnt suffer the withdrawal he experiences with the opiates such as Lortab. Sarah Baugh, 25, of Billings suffered 12 seizures a day while taking 14 medications that cost $2,000 a month.By using marijuana, she weaned herself off most of her medications and now takes just a small dose of anti-seizure medication. Baugh trimmed her drug costs from $2,000 to less(prenominal) than $600 a month. She dropped 150 pounds, lost the tremors and seizures. (weedblog. com) I have come to find out that marijuana can be used to produce green fuel for autos. How, because of its root structure, it makes the best erosion control. The oils from the seeds can be great for cooking. Jus t some other ways that marijuana can benefit within our society.I strongly agree that medical marijuana should be legalized and I also agree that marijuana use can be made safe and profitable for all parties involved. The economy would benefit by adding tax revenue and tax money. By providing it in a safe and regulated way it benefits those who need medical relief, and last but not least it would benefit society by allowing police to concentrate on more violent crimes and criminal activity. The only true losers to the legalization and decriminalization of marijuana are those who stand to make great deals of money from the illegal sales of pot and the transportation of it into the United States.