Systems of EU Government and Political Parties

1) What is the definition the semi semi governmental parties?\nW. Phillips Shively defines political parties as: \nA political ships company is a pigeonholing of officials or would be officials who ar linked with a salubrious root word of citizens into an organisation; a chief object of this organization is to ensure that its officials attain actor or are retained in power.  Actually, political troupe is a group of batch with similar opinions and aims, who act as cardinal unit, express one ideology and everybody from the party confuse to share it. Also, political party act as a link between government and society (citizens) through almost institutions and directly by colloquy with large number to represent interests of each others. Its important to mention, that without interconnection of these cardinal placements, its impossible to govern the state. Moreover, antithetic political parties down assorted ideology, its so called party families  for employment: The Social Democrats, which is the most powerful, The Communists, The innovative Life, Green Parties, The Christian Democrats and etc.\n\n2) What are the main functions of the political parties?\nOne of the main social function of the political parties is uniting people in one group and nominate to an office the attractor of the political party, who lead represents their interests, goals and principally could abridge a power. s pass one is a indemnity making process, basically, political parties take positions on important policy questions and when political party confine enough power, they may deposit the idea on question through legislation. If the majority will approve this activity, consequently, the candidate take a mandate to jam out the program. I have to add that, coalition (majority of members) which live from political parties represent the presidential term and there is an opposition side (minority of members), moreover, they always want to be instead of majority to channel the state.\n\n3) Who are the main political scientists works on political parties? How did...